Which is a risk factor for uncomplicated cystitis?

Which is a risk factor for uncomplicated cystitis?

• A. Frequent sexual intercourse
• B. Diabetes mellitus
• C. History of urinary tract infections
• D. Use of spermicides

Answer: (A)

Frequent sexual intercourse is a key trigger for uncomplicated cystitis in healthy, sexually active women. The mechanism is straightforward: during intercourse, bacteria from the periurethral area, most commonly E. coli from the GI tract, can be introduced into the urethra. In women, the short urethra and its proximity to the anorectal area facilitate ascent of these bacteria into the bladder, leading to lower urinary tract symptoms. This makes sexual activity a strong, modifiable risk factor for a first or recurrent episode of uncomplicated cystitis. Diabetes mellitus increases risk for complicated urinary infections and more systemic problems, rather than the typical uncomplicated cystitis seen in otherwise healthy individuals. A history of UTIs signals a tendency to recur but doesn’t explain the immediate trigger as clearly as recent or frequent sexual activity. Use of spermicides can disrupt vaginal flora and also raise UTI risk, but the most direct and commonly cited risk factor in this scenario is recent sexual activity.

Frequent sexual intercourse is a key trigger for uncomplicated cystitis in healthy, sexually active women. The mechanism is straightforward: during intercourse, bacteria from the periurethral area, most commonly E. coli from the GI tract, can be introduced into the urethra. In women, the short urethra and its proximity to the anorectal area facilitate ascent of these bacteria into the bladder, leading to lower urinary tract symptoms. This makes sexual activity a strong, modifiable risk factor for a first or recurrent episode of uncomplicated cystitis.

Diabetes mellitus increases risk for complicated urinary infections and more systemic problems, rather than the typical uncomplicated cystitis seen in otherwise healthy individuals. A history of UTIs signals a tendency to recur but doesn’t explain the immediate trigger as clearly as recent or frequent sexual activity. Use of spermicides can disrupt vaginal flora and also raise UTI risk, but the most direct and commonly cited risk factor in this scenario is recent sexual activity.