Which of the following is a complication of hypoparathyroidism due to hypocalcemia?

Which of the following is a complication of hypoparathyroidism due to hypocalcemia?

• A. Hypertension
• B. Tetany
• C. Hyperkalemia
• D. Hypernatremia

Answer: (B)

Low calcium from hypoparathyroidism increases neuromuscular excitability, so nerves fire more easily and muscles can go into spasm. This classic presentation is tetany, characterized by muscle cramps, carpopedal spasms, and tingling or numbness. Clinically, it can show up as Chvostek signs (facial twitch when tapping) or Trousseau signs (carpal spasm with a blood pressure cuff). In severe cases, tetany can progress to seizures or laryngospasm. Hypertension, hyperkalemia, and hypernatremia aren’t typical complications of hypocalcemia due to hypoparathyroidism, so they’re not expected manifestations of this condition.

Low calcium from hypoparathyroidism increases neuromuscular excitability, so nerves fire more easily and muscles can go into spasm. This classic presentation is tetany, characterized by muscle cramps, carpopedal spasms, and tingling or numbness. Clinically, it can show up as Chvostek signs (facial twitch when tapping) or Trousseau signs (carpal spasm with a blood pressure cuff). In severe cases, tetany can progress to seizures or laryngospasm.

Hypertension, hyperkalemia, and hypernatremia aren’t typical complications of hypocalcemia due to hypoparathyroidism, so they’re not expected manifestations of this condition.