Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for 30-day mortality in CAP?

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for 30-day mortality in CAP?

• A. Female sex
• B. Age >65 years
• C. Hypotension
• D. Confusion or disorientation

Answer: (A)

Risk of 30-day mortality in community-acquired pneumonia is driven by illness severity and host vulnerability. Age 65 or older is a known factor that increases risk and is used in prognostic scoring. Hypotension signals circulatory compromise and is associated with worse outcomes. Confusion or disorientation indicates more severe systemic involvement and also correlates with higher mortality. Female sex does not independently predict 30-day mortality once severity and comorbidities are accounted for, so it is not a risk factor.

Risk of 30-day mortality in community-acquired pneumonia is driven by illness severity and host vulnerability. Age 65 or older is a known factor that increases risk and is used in prognostic scoring. Hypotension signals circulatory compromise and is associated with worse outcomes. Confusion or disorientation indicates more severe systemic involvement and also correlates with higher mortality. Female sex does not independently predict 30-day mortality once severity and comorbidities are accounted for, so it is not a risk factor.